诚信——大学生的道德通行证

一、大学生的诚信现状大学的教育应培养学生学会做人、学会做事、学会认知(学习)。由中学教育到大学是人生承前启后的至关重要的转折点,他们开始独立生活,独立处事,而他们对于信用认识不清,没有给予足够重视,还没有独立科学的判断决策能力,很容易被误导。调查显示仅今年上半年,某市第二中级法院已接连受理6起大学毕业生劳动争议案,     

Watching cartoons activates the medial prefrontal cortex in children

The medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) of human adults is involved in attributing mental states to real human agents but not to virtual artificial characters. This study examined whether such differential MPFC activity can be observed in children who are more fascinated by cartoons than adults. We measured brain activity using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) while 10-year-old children watched movie and cartoon clips, simulating real and virtual visual worlds, respectively. We showed neuroimaging evidence that, in contrast to adults, the MPFC of children was activated when perceiving both human agents and artificial characters in coherent visual events. Our findings suggest that, around the age of 10 years, the MPFC activity in children is different from that in adults in that it can be spontaneously activated by non-human agents in a virtual visual world.     

Electronic Properties of Organic Semiconductors Based on Nonconjugated Polymers

1 Results The paper presented review of experimental results on the charge transport study in the polymer materials,possessed charge instability.The base of these materials is noncojugated polyaromatic compounds.Characteristic feature these materials is a wide of band gap up to 4.3 eV and the value of first ionization potential about 6 eV.Electronic energetic parameters like these are typical for insulator materials.However it was established that there are not only hopping mechanism of charge transport possible but coherent too in such organic systems.Wide band gap organic material capable to transport charge carrier effectively under certain conditions and the same time conductivity can reach 105 (Ohm·cm)-1 value and current density up to 106 A/cm2 and more.Transformation to conducting phase may occur with different fields and influences,such as electric field,magnet field,pressure,temperature and others.These transformations are reversible as a rule.There is three main of the phenomena fields may be emphasize: electro-optical,switching,and electronic phenomena,including nanophenomena.Electro-optical phenomena are electroluminescence first of all[1].Switching phenomena unites as following switching induced by electric field[2],pressure[3],magnet field[4],boundary condition changing[5],traps thermoionization[6],particle irradiation[7].Electronic phenomena which can observe in thin polyarylide films are as follow electron cold emission[8],superconductivity[9],charged induced nanomemory[10],quantum dot generation[11].     

The early Holocene optimum inferred from a high-resolution pollen record of Huguangyan Maar Lake in southern China

A high-resolution pollen record of the past 13000 a from Huguangyan Maar Lake reveals the vegetation and environment changes in southern China during the Holocene. It shows that (i) pollen percentage of trees and shrubs reached 56% during the early Holocene (11600―7800 cal a BP), of which the pollen percentage of tropical trees reached a maximum at 9500―8000 cal a BP, reflecting a hot and wet envi- ronment; (ii) during the mid-Holocene (7800―4200 cal a BP), the pollen percentage of montane conif- erous trees and herbs increased, while the percentage of tropical-subtropical trees decreased, indi- cating lower temperature and humidity; (iii) in the late Holocene spanning from 4200 to 350 cal a BP, the pollen percentage of herbs and montane conifer increased significantly, indicating a marked decrease of temperature and humidity. Our pollen data reveal that the time period 9500―8000 cal a BP in south- ern China represents a climatic optimum for the Holocene characterized by hot and wet conditions. This is consistent with the Holocene optimum found in lower latitude regions globally. We speculate that strong insolation might cause the northward migration of the ITCZ and subtropical summer mon- soon front, which resulted in an early Holocene optimum in the Huguangyan area. The dry tendency and climate fluctuations of the middle and late Holocene could be associated with a decrease in solar insolation and frequent ENSO event.     

Towards Disaggregate Dynamic Travel Forecasting Models

The authors argue that travel forecasting models should be dynamic and disaggregate in their representation of demand, supply, and supply-demand interactions, and propose a framework for such models. The proposed framework consists of disaggregate activity-based representation of travel choices of individual motorists on the demand side integrated with disaggregate dynamic modeling of network performance, through vehicle-based traffic simulation models on the supply side. The demand model generates individual members of the population and assigns to them socioeconomic characteristics. The generated motorists maintain these characteristics when they are loaded on the network by the supply model. In an equilibrium setting, the framework lends itself to a fixed-point formulation to represent and resolve demand-supply interactions. The paper discusses some of the remaining development challenges and presents an example of an existing travel forecasting model system that incorporates many of the proposed elements.     

长程相互作用XY自旋系统中纠缠波包的动力学产生

研究了在具有1/r²衰减长程相互作用的XY自旋系统中产生两个遥远自旋纠缠的动力学机制. 由于在这种模型中, 自旋波磁子可以具有线性的色散关系ε(k)~|k|, 在动力学演化的过程中, 一个局域的自旋态可以被劈裂成两个纠缠的局域波包, 并且这两个波包在运动的过程中各自保持他们的形状不变. 值得注意的是, 在经过一个较短的周期τ = Nπ/J的演化之后, 当这两个波包在圆环直径的另一端相遇的时候, 初始时刻局域的自旋态可以完全回复. 另外, 对总格点数多达上千的环状系统进行了数值模拟, 验证了耦合强度的截断近似对精确解析结果的影响. 数值结果表明, 与自旋系统的尺度相比, 即使自旋耦合区域已经被截断到一个很小的范围内, 上述结论仍然成立.     

极尖区电离层离子与地磁活动及太阳风的相关分析

对2001~2003年间Cluster星簇穿越极尖区期间观测到的电离层起源的离子(O⁺离子, He⁺离子和H⁺离子)特性进行了统计分析, 主要研究了这些离子的数密度与地磁活动以及太阳风动压之间的关系. 结果表明: O⁺离子数密度和地磁活动指数Kp之间存在着正相关关系, He⁺离子数密度和地磁活动指数Kp不相关, O⁺离子和He⁺离子数密度都和太阳风动压之间存在着显著的正相关关系; H+离子数密度与太阳风动压之间存在着正相关关系, 而和地磁活动指数Kp不相关. 最后, 对这些离子的特性与太阳风动压及地磁活动之间的关系进行了讨论.     

珠江流域盆地表层沉积物的黏土矿物及其对南海沉积物的贡献

黏土矿物以其示踪洋流变化和揭示物源区陆地同时期气候变化的能力, 近年来在南海东亚季风演化的研究中起到了重要作用. 珠江作为南海北部陆源物质输入的重要河流之一, 以往的研究还没有开展过详细的黏土矿物学工作. 运用X射线衍射方法, 系统地研究了珠江流域盆地(包括珠江主流、各支流和珠江口伶仃洋)表层沉积物的黏土矿物组合. 结果显示, 珠江流域盆地黏土矿物组合主要由高岭石(35%~65%)、绿泥石(20%~35%)和伊利石(12%~42%)组成, 蒙脱石含量一般小于5%, 区域分布上不具明显的差异性. 但是, 从珠江流域盆地到南海北部, 高岭石含量持续降低, 蒙脱石含量持续上升, 伊利石含量也不断上升, 伊利石化学指数递减, 伊利石结晶度增强, 这些特征都表明珠江流域盆地对南海北部黏土矿物的贡献主要是高岭石, 其次是伊利石和绿泥石, 基本不提供蒙脱石. 研究认为, 珠江对南海北部陆缘的黏土矿物贡献率最多为72%, 而对北部陆坡的贡献率最多仅为15%. 无论是冰期还是间冰期时期, 高岭石都指示了珠江流域的机械侵蚀能力.